Standardization: rulemaking process, ie, sets and enforces rules for an orderly face any domain of human activity for the benefit and participation of stakeholders.
standardization arises from the boom in industrial production since it was necessary to develop standardized interchangeable parts and assembled mass-produced on assembly lines.
is worth mentioning that such standardization is not a goal but a process, a means for technological advancement. They are the result of the progress of technical knowledge, scientific and empirical, are specified in a document provided to meet: The technical standard.
have to know the difference between a technical and legal standard. The first is an agreement between the parties, there is consensus and has no punitive mechanisms to ensure compliance. The other, need not be an agreement between the parties and are required to comply (if it has punitive mechanisms).
The objectives of this normalization process are: a-
Global Economy: Get as much or more with less effort, ie significantly increase productivity.
b-Simplification: Reducing variation or variety, which means sharing and tolerance criteria.
c-Unification: Universality for the exchange.
d-Media: Technical standards provide a means of expression and communication between the different actors of the production. Example is the glass that indicates weakness.
e-Security and protection of life: There are rules that ensure the protection of human life and health. The use of helmets in the works is a clear example.
f-Consumer Protection and the community: While the rules protect the interests of those who consume certain products also care about society in general.
g-Elimination of trade barriers: It involves the harmonization of national, regional and international.
The normalization is made from the Technical Committee (essential) comprised of manufacturers, users, control agencies, research and technological development, scientific and technical personnel, educational institutions and other interested organizations and related industries. This committee develops draft standards and subjected to public inquiry and according to the results, decide whether to approve or not.
There are several standards bodies, in Uruguay UNIT (Uruguayan Technical Standards Institute), one can also mention COPANT (Pan American Standards Commission), ISO (International Organization for Standardization), IRAM (Argentina), ABNT (Brazil ), ASNT (building codes), among others.
Among the characteristics of technical standards may include those relating to:
- Expression: To ensure that the rule is expressed in clear, distinct, complete and unambiguous.
- Application: The rules should apply to all entities that are assigned to the term of the subject of the standard.
- Exhibition: All rules should be brief, expressed in concrete and concise manner and without negative terms.
There are two types of technical standards, unification and simplify them. The first cover everything specify any extension of a measure and the second set partial extensions of a measure and there are two types: general provisions or regulations governing and typing products that define a "model" standard in all aspects, making it possible to repeat in unlimited quantities.
technical standards consist of some structure, are organized. In the first instance have to consult rules, ie those that should be known beforehand, then you move on to the object or scope which refers to what to refer, the definitions of terms or words also have their space followed by general which is the standard itself. Finally you will see the size and dimensions, requirements, observations, comments, attachments (drawings) among others.
The oficiliazación all technical standard is given after such rule has the force from the convenience resulting from their good development.
standards institutes such as UNIT and LATU consist of mechanisms by which quality controls provide certificates of conformity with technical standards. What they do is make an assessment of consistency between product design and requirements of the standard, then an assessment of the production system to meet the standard. If this is positive given the approval of the prototypes created pro manufacturer and every now and then check if everything is working as it should.
There are also regulations for the prevention of risks related with job security, fire, etc.
standardization arises from the boom in industrial production since it was necessary to develop standardized interchangeable parts and assembled mass-produced on assembly lines.
is worth mentioning that such standardization is not a goal but a process, a means for technological advancement. They are the result of the progress of technical knowledge, scientific and empirical, are specified in a document provided to meet: The technical standard.
have to know the difference between a technical and legal standard. The first is an agreement between the parties, there is consensus and has no punitive mechanisms to ensure compliance. The other, need not be an agreement between the parties and are required to comply (if it has punitive mechanisms).
The objectives of this normalization process are: a-
Global Economy: Get as much or more with less effort, ie significantly increase productivity.
b-Simplification: Reducing variation or variety, which means sharing and tolerance criteria.
c-Unification: Universality for the exchange.
d-Media: Technical standards provide a means of expression and communication between the different actors of the production. Example is the glass that indicates weakness.
e-Security and protection of life: There are rules that ensure the protection of human life and health. The use of helmets in the works is a clear example.
f-Consumer Protection and the community: While the rules protect the interests of those who consume certain products also care about society in general.
g-Elimination of trade barriers: It involves the harmonization of national, regional and international.
The normalization is made from the Technical Committee (essential) comprised of manufacturers, users, control agencies, research and technological development, scientific and technical personnel, educational institutions and other interested organizations and related industries. This committee develops draft standards and subjected to public inquiry and according to the results, decide whether to approve or not.
There are several standards bodies, in Uruguay UNIT (Uruguayan Technical Standards Institute), one can also mention COPANT (Pan American Standards Commission), ISO (International Organization for Standardization), IRAM (Argentina), ABNT (Brazil ), ASNT (building codes), among others.
Among the characteristics of technical standards may include those relating to:
- Expression: To ensure that the rule is expressed in clear, distinct, complete and unambiguous.
- Application: The rules should apply to all entities that are assigned to the term of the subject of the standard.
- Exhibition: All rules should be brief, expressed in concrete and concise manner and without negative terms.
There are two types of technical standards, unification and simplify them. The first cover everything specify any extension of a measure and the second set partial extensions of a measure and there are two types: general provisions or regulations governing and typing products that define a "model" standard in all aspects, making it possible to repeat in unlimited quantities.
technical standards consist of some structure, are organized. In the first instance have to consult rules, ie those that should be known beforehand, then you move on to the object or scope which refers to what to refer, the definitions of terms or words also have their space followed by general which is the standard itself. Finally you will see the size and dimensions, requirements, observations, comments, attachments (drawings) among others.
The oficiliazación all technical standard is given after such rule has the force from the convenience resulting from their good development.
standards institutes such as UNIT and LATU consist of mechanisms by which quality controls provide certificates of conformity with technical standards. What they do is make an assessment of consistency between product design and requirements of the standard, then an assessment of the production system to meet the standard. If this is positive given the approval of the prototypes created pro manufacturer and every now and then check if everything is working as it should.
There are also regulations for the prevention of risks related with job security, fire, etc.
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