Climate: set of meteorological phenomena that occur a given point on the planet and are maintained over time. All climate is influenced by latitude (a characterizing element), water (temperature varies according to their proximity), ocean currents, altitude (the higher, colder), the forests and winds Time: set of meteorological phenomena that occur at a given point on the planet on any given day.
is very important to know the weather typical of places to look, from architecture, and concrete solutions to improve the quality of life of human beings.
Uruguay is located in a subtropical area and features a temperate, humid and extreme temperatures. At the same time it can be classified as sea because of its proximity to the sea.
bioclimatic coordinates.
1 - Solar radiation. 2 - Air temperature. 3 - Relative humidity. 4 - Air speed.
1 - Solar radiation. Earth has two simultaneous movements on the sun: a-and b-rotation translation. A-
rotation occurs about an axis passing through the poles and is responsible for the existence of day and night. B-
The transfer is the movement that gives the Earth around the sun resulting in different seasons. Although these are given due to the inclination of the axis of rotation (23 º 27 ') which means that, as the Earth moves the sun's rays affect more more orthogonally or tangentially.
We can identify certain times of year are the winter and summer solstices and spring and autumn equinoxes. Autumn Equinox
: 21/marzo, day and night are the same. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Spring Equinox
: 23/septiembre, day and night are the same. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Winter Solstice: 22/junio is the shortest day of the year. The sun rises in the east and sets in the northwest.
Summer Solstice: 22/diciembre, is the longest day. The sun rises in the southeast and sets in the southwest.
solar radiation can be both direct and diffuse solar radiation both constitute global.
direct solar radiation is the energy received directly by a plane from the sun. It depends on the height of the sun, the guidelines of the planes and the state of the sky (cloudy, clear, etc..) Among others.
diffuse solar radiation energy is received by a single plane from the sky.
The incidence of solar radiation depends on the time of year and latitude. In winter the incidence of the rays on the horizontal plane is more tangential and orthogonal on the north facade. In summer the opposite occurs.
In studying the incidence of lightning over the years can see that the north side is the more energy it receives throughout the year, while the south receives less and in the warmer months.
solar radiation brings diverse effects on human life. First of all it should be noted that this radiation consists of electromagnetic waves omnidirectional among which are the ultraviolet (3%), the lighting (44%) and infrared (53%). The former are not visible but you can feel its effects (discoloration and burning), also act as bactericides purifying the air, the lighting are the only visible, and the remaining are those that provide heat. For all this talk that the sun is the giver of life (lights, disinfects and provides vitamin D to the skin, affects the mind) and in turn destroying (damaging materials and sunburn).
2 - Air temperature. First of all it should be mentioned that the air in diatérmano, that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, hence its temperature will not be a direct result of solar radiation but by convection occurs when in contact with the ground. Thus phenomena such as altitude and latitude (height above the sea), proximity to bodies of water, wind, vegetation, cloudiness and transparency of the air and the absorption coefficient of the surface temperature will affect air.
3 - Humidity.
Humidity is water vapor in the air and can be measured: absolute humidity a-, b-RH, c-
saturation humidity. a- The Absolute humidity is the grams of water to a cubic meter of air.
b- Moisture saturation is the maximum moisture that supports a cubic meter of air. It varies with temperature, at higher temperatures and higher moisture saturation minor child.
c-Finally you can set a percentage relative humidity called obtained by relating the absolute humidity and saturation.
In Uruguay the relative humidity is between 70-80% (do not forget that climate is wet) while the comfort between 40-60%.
4 - Movement of air. winds are the movement of an air mass moving from an area of \u200b\u200bhigh pressure to a lower pressure. This shift is caused inter alia by the difference in air temperatures over land and water and vegetation.
Uruguay is a windy area in all directions but not always with the same intensity. To the south from the strongest winds.
is important to pay attention to various aspects such as wind direction, intensity and frequency to ensure the protection of the spaces in cold periods and use to lower the air temperature in hot weather, the wind produced by convection cooling from surfaces. Thus
bioclimatic architecture arises from sustainable development, ie produce an architecture in which the environmental effectiveness and energy efficiency are obtained using the natural resources, by way of contributing to the balance of the ecosystem in which it is embedded the building. Energy efficiency not only by reducing consumption, but using renewable energy.
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